Genitourinary cancers include prostate cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, testicular cancer and cancers of the penis. More than 48,000 men are diagnosed with prostate cancer every year in the UK, and testicular cancer is the most common tumour in young men between the ages of 15 and 35 years. Despite high five-year survival rates for testicular (95%) and prostate (over 80%) cancer, collectively these malignancies account for about 15% of cancer deaths in males in the UK. Therefore, it remains important to improve our knowledge of the biology of these diseases, and so identify targets for new and novel therapies, particularly for chemoresistance.